Python 发送邮件支持附件

更新：2022-05-23 08:40:48编辑：Story归类：技术分享人气：198

通过命令行发送邮件，功能强大

命令：

# <a href="http://www.ttlsa.com/python/" title="Python"target="_blank">python</a> ./mail -s $server -f $from -t $to -u $user -p $pass -S "$subject" -m "${mail_msg}" -F $file

1	# python ./mail -s $server -f $from -t $to -u $user -p $pass -S "$subject" -m "${mail_msg}" -F $file

源代码如下：

# vim mail
#!/usr/bin/python
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email import Utils, Encoders
import mimetypes, sys,smtplib,socket,getopt
class SendMail:
    def __init__(self,smtp_server,from_addr,to_addr,user,passwd):
        self.mailserver=smtp_server
        self.from_addr=from_addr
        self.to_addr=to_addr
        self.username=user
        self.password=passwd
    def attachment(self,filename):
        fd=open(filename,'rb')
        filename=filename.split('/')
        mimetype,mimeencoding=mimetypes.guess_type(filename[-1])        
        if (mimeencoding is None) or (mimetype is None):
            mimetype='application/octet-stream'       
        maintype,subtype=mimetype.split('/')
        if maintype=='text':
            retval=MIMEText(fd.read(), _subtype=subtype, _charset='utf-8')          
        else:
            retval=MIMEBase(maintype,subtype)
            retval.set_payload(fd.read())
            Encoders.encode_base64(retval)
            retval.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment',filename=filename[-1])
            fd.close()
        return retval
    def msginfo(self,msg,subject,filename): 
        # message = """Hello, ALL
        #This is test message.
        #--Anonymous"""
        message=msg
        msg=MIMEMultipart()
        msg['To'] = self.to_addr
        msg['From'] = 'sa <'+self.from_addr+'>'
        msg['Date'] = Utils.formatdate(localtime=1)
        msg['Message-ID'] = Utils.make_msgid()
        if subject:
            msg['Subject'] = subject
        if message:
            body=MIMEText(message,_subtype='plain')
            msg.attach(body)
        #for filename in sys.argv[1:]:
        if filename:
            msg.attach(self.attachment(filename))
        return msg.as_string()
    def send(self,msg=None,subject=None,filename=None):
        try:
            s=smtplib.SMTP(self.mailserver)
            try:
                s.login(self.username,self.password)
            except smtplib.SMTPException,e:
                print "Authentication failed:",e
                sys.exit(1)
            s.sendmail(self.from_addr,self.to_addr.split(','),self.msginfo(msg,subject,filename))
        except (socket.gaierror,socket.error,socket.herror,smtplib.SMTPException),e:
            print "*** Your message may not have been sent!"
            print e
            sys.exit(2)
        else:
            print "Message successfully sent to %d recipient(s)" %len(self.to_addr)
if __name__=='__main__':
    def usage():
        print """Useage:%s [-h] -s <SMTP Server> -f <FROM_ADDRESS> -t <TO_ADDRESS> -u <USER_NAME> -p <PASSWORD> [-S <MAIL_SUBJECT> -m <MAIL_MESSAGE> -F <ATTACHMENT>]
   Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
     -f, --from=   Sets the name of the "from" person (i.e., the envelope sender of the mail).
     -t, --to=   Addressee's address. -t "test@test.com,test1@test.com".
     -u, --user=   Login SMTP server username.
     -p, --pass=   Login SMTP server password.
     -S, --subject=  Mail subject.
     -m, --msg=   Mail message.-m "msg, ......."
     -F, --file=   Attachment file name.
     
     -h, --help   Help documen.    
   """ %sys.argv[0]
        sys.exit(3)
    try:
        options,args=getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],"hs:f:t:u:p:S:m:F:","--help --server= --from= --to= --user= --pass= --subject= --msg= --file=",)
    except getopt.GetoptError:
        usage()
        sys.exit(3)
 
    server=None
    from_addr=None
    to_addr=None
    username=None
    password=None
    subject=None
    filename=None
    msg=None
    for name,value in options:
        if name in ("-h","--help"):
            usage()
        if name in ("-s","--server"):
            server=value
        if name in ("-f","--from"):
            from_addr=value
        if name in ("-t","--to"):
            to_addr=value
        if name in ("-u","--user"):
            username=value
        if name in ("-p","--pass"):
            password=value
        if name in ("-S","--subject"):
            subject=value
        if name in ("-m","--msg"):
            msg=value
        if name in ("-F","--file"):
            filename=value
if server and from_addr and to_addr and username and password:
    test=SendMail(server,from_addr,to_addr,username,password)
    test.send(msg,subject,filename)
else:
    usage()

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# vim mail

#!/usr/bin/python

from email . MIMEText import MIMEText

from email . MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart

from email . MIMEBase import MIMEBase

from email import Utils , Encoders

import mimetypes , sys , smtplib , socket , getopt

class SendMail :

def __init__ ( self , smtp_server , from_addr , to_addr , user , passwd ) :

self . mailserver = smtp_server

self . from_addr = from_addr

self . to_addr = to_addr

self . username = user

self . password = passwd

def attachment ( self , filename ) :

fd = open ( filename , 'rb' )

filename = filename . split ( '/' )

mimetype , mimeencoding = mimetypes . guess_type ( filename [ - 1 ] )

if ( mimeencoding is None ) or ( mimetype is None ) :

mimetype = 'application/octet-stream'

maintype , subtype = mimetype . split ( '/' )

if maintype == 'text' :

retval = MIMEText ( fd . read ( ) , _subtype = subtype , _charset = 'utf-8' )

else :

retval = MIMEBase ( maintype , subtype )

retval . set_payload ( fd . read ( ) )

Encoders . encode_base64 ( retval )

retval . add_header ( 'Content-Disposition' , 'attachment' , filename = filename [ - 1 ] )

fd . close ( )

return retval

def msginfo ( self , msg , subject , filename ) :

# message = """Hello, ALL

#This is test message.

#--Anonymous"""

message = msg

msg = MIMEMultipart ( )

msg [ 'To' ] = self . to_addr

msg [ 'From' ] = 'sa <' + self . from_addr + '>'

msg [ 'Date' ] = Utils . formatdate ( localtime = 1 )

msg [ 'Message-ID' ] = Utils . make_msgid ( )

if subject :

msg [ 'Subject' ] = subject

if message :

body = MIMEText ( message , _subtype = 'plain' )

msg . attach ( body )

#for filename in sys.argv[1:]:

if filename :

msg . attach ( self . attachment ( filename ) )

return msg . as_string ( )

def send ( self , msg = None , subject = None , filename = None ) :

try :

s = smtplib . SMTP ( self . mailserver )

try :

s . login ( self . username , self . password )

except smtplib . SMTPException , e :

print "Authentication failed:" , e

sys . exit ( 1 )

s . sendmail ( self . from_addr , self . to_addr . split ( ',' ) , self . msginfo ( msg , subject , filename ) )

except ( socket . gaierror , socket . error , socket . herror , smtplib . SMTPException ) , e :

print "*** Your message may not have been sent!"

print e

sys . exit ( 2 )

else :

print "Message successfully sent to %d recipient(s)" % len ( self . to_addr )

if __name__ == '__main__' :

def usage ( ) :

print """Useage:%s [-h] -s <SMTP Server> -f <FROM_ADDRESS> -t <TO_ADDRESS> -u <USER_NAME> -p <PASSWORD> [-S <MAIL_SUBJECT> -m <MAIL_MESSAGE> -F <ATTACHMENT>]

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-f, --from= Sets the name of the "from" person (i.e., the envelope sender of the mail).

-t, --to= Addressee's address. -t "test@test.com,test1@test.com".

-u, --user= Login SMTP server username.

-p, --pass= Login SMTP server password.

-S, --subject= Mail subject.

-m, --msg= Mail message.-m "msg, ......."

-F, --file= Attachment file name.

-h, --help Help documen.

""" % sys . argv [ 0 ]

sys . exit ( 3 )

try :

options , args = getopt . getopt ( sys . argv [ 1 : ] , "hs:f:t:u:p:S:m:F:" , "--help --server= --from= --to= --user= --pass= --subject= --msg= --file=" , )

except getopt . GetoptError :

usage ( )

sys . exit ( 3 )

server = None

from_addr = None

to_addr = None

username = None

password = None

subject = None

filename = None

msg = None

for name , value in options :