nginx + fastcgi + c/c++

更新：2022-05-23 13:40:57编辑：Story归类：nginx人气：220

使用php写后端程序的例子很多，用c/c++的比较少。

本文采用nginx,spawn,fastcgi++来构建一个基于cgi的web程序。
由于fastcgi++依赖于boost库，我们先来装boost库

Linux下编译boost

1.编译前的准备工作

sudo yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel bzip2-libs <a href="http://www.ttlsa.com/python/" title="Python"target="_blank">python</a>-devel -y

1	sudo yum install bzip2 bzip2 - devel bzip2 - libs python - devel - y

2.下载安装包并解压

#wget http://netcologne.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.61.0/boost_1_61_0.zip
unzip boost_1_61_0.zip

1 2	#wget http://netcologne.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.61.0/boost_1_61_0.zip unzip boost_1_61_0 . zip

编译安装

#cd boost_1_61_0
./bootstrap.sh
sudo ./b2 install

#cd boost_1_61_0

. / bootstrap . sh

sudo . / b2 install

测试boost库是否可以使用，boost编译完成后运行程序报错，

/usr/bin/ld: warning: libboost_bzip2.so.1.61.0, needed by /usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so, not found (try using -rpath or -rpath-link)
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzCompressInit'
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzCompress'
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzDecompress'
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzDecompressEnd'
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzDecompressInit'
/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzCompressEnd'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

/ usr / bin / ld : warning : libboost_bzip2 . so . 1.61.0 , needed by / usr / local / lib / libboost_iostreams . so , not found ( try using - rpath or - rpath - link )

/ usr / local / lib / libboost_iostreams . so : undefined reference to ` BZ2 _bzCompressInit '

/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzCompress'

/ usr / local / lib / libboost_iostreams . so : undefined reference to ` BZ2 _bzDecompress '

/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzDecompressEnd'

/ usr / local / lib / libboost_iostreams . so : undefined reference to ` BZ2 _bzDecompressInit '

/usr/local/lib/libboost_iostreams.so: undefined reference to `BZ2_bzCompressEnd'

collect2 : ld returned 1 exit status

最开始以为是bzip2没装上，折腾了许久也没搞定，最后我发现boost的官方文档写着gcc4.4.7，而我本地的编译器是4.4.6，之后我把gcc升级到4.8重新编译通过。

redhat6.3升级gcc4.8.0编译安装方法：

1.下载源码并解压

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/gcc-4.8.0.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf gcc-4.8.0.tar.bz2

1 2	wget http : //ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.8.0/gcc-4.8.0.tar.bz2 tar - jxvf gcc - 4.8.0.tar.bz2

2.下载编译所需的依赖项

cd gcc-4.8.0　
./contrib/download_prerequisites　 
cd ..

cd gcc - 4.8.0　

. / contrib / download _prerequisites　

cd . .

3.建立编译输出目录

mkdir gcc-build-4.8.0

1	mkdir gcc - build - 4.8.0

4.进入此目录，执行以下命令，生成makefile文件

cd gcc-build-4.8.0 
../gcc-4.8.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib

1 2	cd gcc - build - 4.8.0 . . / gcc - 4.8.0 / configure -- enable - checking = release -- enable - languages = c , c ++ -- disable - multilib

5.执行以下命令进行编译，编译时间比较长

make -j4

make - j4

6.安装

sudo make install

1	sudo make install

安装完成后查看版本

#gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/libexec/gcc/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/4.8.0/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../gcc-4.8.0/configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.0 (GCC)

#gcc -v

Using built - in specs .

COLLECT_GCC = gcc

COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER = / usr / local / libexec / gcc / x86_64 - unknown - linux - gnu / 4.8.0 / lto - wrapper

Target : x86_64 - unknown - linux - gnu

Configured with : . . / gcc - 4.8.0 / configure -- enable - checking = release -- enable - languages = c , c ++ -- disable - multilib

Thread model : posix

gcc version 4.8.0 ( GCC )

重新执行boost的编译，编写一个例子测试是否成功

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
using namespace boost::serialization;
using namespace boost::archive;
int main()
{
vector<int> v;
for(int i=0;i!=12;i++)
{ 
v.push_back(i);
}
ofstream os("file",ios::out);
text_oarchive oa(os);
oa<<v;
os.close();
ifstream is("file",ios::in);
text_iarchive ia(is);
vector<int> vr;
ia>>vr;
is.close();
for(size_t i=0;i!=vr.size();++i) 
{
cout<<vr[i]<<endl;
}
return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

#include <sstream>

#include <string>

#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>

#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>

#include <vector>

#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>

#include <fstream>

using namespace std ;

using namespace boost :: serialization ;

using namespace boost :: archive ;

int main ( )

{

vector < int > v ;

for ( int i = 0 ; i != 12 ; i ++ )

{

v . push_back ( i ) ;

}

ofstream os ( "file" , ios :: out ) ;

text_oarchive oa ( os ) ;

oa << v ;

os . close ( ) ;

ifstream is ( "file" , ios :: in ) ;

text_iarchive ia ( is ) ;

vector < int > vr ;

ia >> vr ;

is . close ( ) ;

for ( size _t i = 0 ; i != vr . size ( ) ; ++ i )

{

cout << vr [ i ] << endl ;

}

return 0 ;

}

编译运行

g++ -o main testboost.cpp -L/usr/local/lib -lboost_serialization 
./main

1 2	g ++ - o main testboost . cpp - L / usr / local / lib - lboost _serialization . / main

spawn-fcgi安装

wget http://download.lighttpd.net/spawn-fcgi/releases-1.6.x/spawn-fcgi-1.6.4.tar.gz
./configure
make
make install

wget http : //download.lighttpd.net/spawn-fcgi/releases-1.6.x/spawn-fcgi-1.6.4.tar.gz

. / configure

make

make install

fastcgi安装

wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/NonGNU//fastcgipp/fastcgi++-2.1.tar.bz2
tar -xvjf fastcgi++-2.1.tar.bz2
cd fastcgi++-2.1
./configure
make
make install
cd example
make examples

wget http : //ftp.twaren.net/Unix/NonGNU//fastcgipp/fastcgi++-2.1.tar.bz2

tar - xvjf fastcgi ++ - 2.1.tar.bz2

cd fastcgi ++ - 2.1

. / configure

make

make install

cd example

make examples

启动fastcgi程序

spawn-fcgi -a 172.27.18.181 -p 8081 -f /home/test/fastcgi++-2.1/examples/utf8-helloworld.fcgi

1	spawn - fcgi - a 172.27.18.181 - p 8081 - f / home / test / fastcgi ++ - 2.1 / examples / utf8 - helloworld . fcgi

如果启动报错，可以加参数-n来看具体原因。

spawn-fcgi: child exited with:1

1	spawn - fcgi : child exited with : 1

我的报错如下，因为升级了gcc4.8,没有升级libstdc++.so.6导致。

/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.15' not found错误的解决

strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX
GLIBCXX_3.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.1
GLIBCXX_3.4.2
GLIBCXX_3.4.3
GLIBCXX_3.4.4
GLIBCXX_3.4.5
GLIBCXX_3.4.6
GLIBCXX_3.4.7
GLIBCXX_3.4.8
GLIBCXX_3.4.9
GLIBCXX_3.4.10
GLIBCXX_3.4.11
GLIBCXX_3.4.12
GLIBCXX_3.4.13
GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW
GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH

strings / usr / lib64 / libstdc ++ . so . 6 | grep GLIBCXX

GLIBCXX_3 . 4

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.1

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.2

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.3

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.4

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.5

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.6

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.7

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.8

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.9

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.10

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.11

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.12

GLIBCXX_3 . 4.13

GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW

GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH

没有3.4.15

连接到libstdc++.so.6新的库

# cp /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 /usr/lib64/
cd /usr/lib64/
rm -f libstdc++.so.6
ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.18 libstdc++.so.6

# cp /usr/local/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.18 /usr/lib64/

cd / usr / lib64 /

rm - f libstdc ++ . so . 6

ln - s libstdc ++ . so . 6.0.18 libstdc ++ . so . 6

再次启动fastcgi程序

spawn-fcgi -a 192.168.18.11 -p 8081 -f /home/test/fastcgi++-2.1/examples/utf8-helloworld.fcgi -n

1	spawn - fcgi - a 192.168.18.11 - p 8081 - f / home / test / fastcgi ++ - 2.1 / examples / utf8 - helloworld . fcgi - n

程序会在前台运行

检查程序是否正常运行

# netstat -anp |grep 8081
tcp 0 0 192.168.18.11:8081 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4704/utf8-helloworl

1 2	# netstat -anp \|grep 8081 tcp 0 0 192.168.18.11 : 8081 0.0.0.0 : * LISTEN 4704 / utf8 - helloworl

配置nginx，增加

location ~ \.fcgi$ {
fastcgi_pass 192.168.18.11:8081;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

location ~ \ . fcgi $ {

fastcgi _pass 192.168.18.11 : 8081 ;

fastcgi_index index . cgi ;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME / scripts $ fastcgi_script_name ;

include fastcgi_params ;

}

重新加载ngnx的配置

#nginx -s reload

1	#nginx -s reload

打开浏览器，访问http://192.168.18.11/utf8-helloworld.fcgi，你会看到。

English: Hello World
Russian: Привет мир
Greek: Γεια σας κόσμο
Chinese: 世界您好
Japanese: 今日は世界
Runic English?: ᚺᛖᛚᛟ ᚹᛟᛉᛚᛞ

English : Hello World

Russian : Привет мир

Greek : Γεια σας κόσμο

Chinese : 世界您好

Japanese : 今日は世界

Runic English ? : ᚺᛖᛚᛟ ᚹᛟᛉᛚᛞ

参考

http://www.cnblogs.com/skynet/p/4173450.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/wanghetao/p/3934350.html
http://www.nongnu.org/fastcgipp/doc/2.1/index.html

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